Measles, a virus supposedly eradicated in this country for nearly a quarter of century, is making a comeback. Cases have been reported in California, Texas and in Suffolk County a dozen residents were possibly exposed after a baby less than a year old tested positive, according to the county health commissioner.
As of press time, there are no reported cases in Nassau County.
Some people think of measles as a mild rash and fever that clears up in a few days. However, measles can lead to serious health complications, especially in children younger than five years old.
1 — Measles is highly contagious. If one person has it, up to 90 percent of people nearby will become infected if they are not protected.
The best protection against measles is the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine, which provides long-lasting protection against all strains of measles.
Measles symptoms typically appear seven to 14 days after exposure to the virus. Common symptoms include:
- High fever (may spike to more than 104 degrees
- Cough
- Runny nose (coryza)
- Red, watery eyes (conjunctivitis)
- Rash
Measles can cause serious health complications, especially in children younger than five years old. Common complications include ear infections and diarrhea, while severe complications can include pneumonia and encephalitis.
2 — Who is at risk? Anyone who is not protected against measles is at risk.
Measles was declared eliminated in the United States in 2000. However, it remains common in many parts of the world. Each year, unvaccinated travelers who contract measles abroad bring the virus into the U.S. These travelers are often Americans but can also be international visitors.
Some individuals are at higher risk of experiencing severe complications from measles.
3 — Measles is highly contagious and spreads through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. The virus can linger in the air and infect others even up to two hours after an infected person leaves the area.
The best way to protect against measles is through vaccination. The MMR vaccine is safe and effective. Two doses are about 97 percent effective at preventing measles, while one dose is roughly 93 percent effective.
Talk to your healthcare provider about the MMR vaccine, especially if you plan to travel.
Source: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
